The graph shows a measure of fitness (y) and miles walked weekly. Identify the probable cause of the correlation.
A. The correlation is coincidental.
B. There is a common underlying cause of the correlation.
C. There is no correlation between the variables.
D. Walking is a direct cause of the fitness.
A die with 12 sides is rolled. What is the probability of rolling a number less than 11? Is this the same as rolling a total less than 11 with two six-sided dice? Explain.
A. 2/6
B. 3/6
C. 4/6
D. 5/6
Suppose you pay $1.00 to roll a fair die with the understanding that you will get back $3.00 for rolling a 5 or a 2, nothing otherwise. What is your expected value?
A. $1.00
B. $0.00
C. $3.00
D. −$1.00
Suppose you have an extremely unfair coin: the probability of a head is 1/5, and the probability of a tail is 4/5. If you toss the coin 40 times, how many heads do you expect to see?
A. 8
B. 6
C. 5
D. 4
A committee of three people is to be formed. The three people will be selected from a list of five possible committee members. A simple random sample of three people is taken, without replacement, from the group of five people. Using the letters A, B, C, D, E to represent the five people, list the possible samples of size three and use your list to determine the probability that B is included in the sample. (Hint: There are 10 possible samples.)
A. 0.6
B. 0.4
C. 0.7
D. 0.8
A class consists of 50 women and 82 men. If a student is randomly
selected, what is the probability that the student is a woman?
A. 32/132
B. 27/66
C. 50/132
D. 82/132
In the first series of rolls of a die, the number of odd numbers exceeded the number of even numbers by 5. In the second series of rolls of the same die, the number of odd numbers exceeded the number of even numbers by 11. Determine which series is closer to the 50/50 ratio of odd/even expected of a fairly rolled die.
A. The second series is closer because the difference between odd and even numbers is greater than the difference for the first series.
B. The first series is closer because the difference between odd and even numbers is less than the difference for the second series.
C. Since 1/2 > 1/5 > 1/11, the first series is closer.
D. The series closer to the theoretical 50/50 cannot be determined unless the total number of rolls for both series is given.
Based on meteorological records, the probability that it will snow in a certain town on January 1st is 0.413. Find the probability that in a given year it will not snow on January 1st in that town.
A. 0.345
B. 0.425
C. 0.587
D. 0.592
Suppose you have an extremely unfair die: The probability of a 6 is 3/8, and the probability of each other number is 1/8. If you toss the die 32 times, how many twos do you expect to see?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 3
D. 5
If you flip a coin three times, the possible outcomes are HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT, TTH, TTT. What is the probability of getting at least two tails?
A. 1/2
B. 2/3
C. 3/4
D. 4/9
A sample space consists of 46 separate events that are equally likely. What is the probability of each?
A. 1/24
B. 1/46
C. 1/32
D. 1/18
On a multiple choice test, each question has 6 possible answers. If you make a random guess on the first question, what is the probability that you are correct?
A. 1/5
B. 1/6
C. 1/4
D. ⅖
Jody checked the temperature 12 times on Monday, and the last digit of the temperature was odd six times more than it was even. On Tuesday, she checked it 18 times and the last digit was odd eight times more than it was even. Determine which series is closer to the 50/50 ratio of odd/even expected of such a series of temperature checks.
A. The Monday series is closer because 1/6 is closer to 1/2 than is 1/8.
B. The Monday series is closer because 6/12 is closer to 0.5 than is 8/18.
C. The Tuesday series is closer because the 13/18 is closer to 0.5 than is 9/12.
D. The series closest to the theoretical 50/50 cannot be determined without knowing the number of odds and evens in each series.
Of 1308 people who came into a blood bank to give blood, 314 people had high blood pressure. Estimate the probability that the next person who comes in to give blood will have high blood pressure (to 3 decimal places).
A. 0.250
B. 0.490
C. 0.240
D. 0.160
Joe dealt 20 cards from a standard 52-card deck, and the number of red cards exceeded the number of black cards by 8. He reshuffled the cards and dealt 30 cards. This time, the number of red cards exceeded the number of black cards by 10. Determine which deal is closer to the 50/50 ratio of red/black expected of fairly dealt hands from a fair deck and why.
A. The first series is closer because 1/10 is farther from 1/2 than is 1/8.
B. The series closer to the theoretical 50/50 cannot be determined unless the number of red and black cards for each deal is given.
C. The second series is closer because 20/30 is closer to 1/2 than is 14/20.
D. The first series is closer because the difference between red and black is smaller than the difference in the second series.
The distribution of B.A. degrees conferred by a local college is listed below, by major.
Major Frequency
English 2073
Mathematics 2164
Chemistry 318
Physics 856
Liberal Arts 1358
Business 1676
Engineering 868
9313
What is the probability that a randomly selected degree is not in Business?
A. 0.7800
B. 0.8200
C. 0.8300
D. 0.9200
If a person is randomly selected, find the probability that his or her birthday is not in May. Ignore leap years. There are 365 days in a year. Express your answer as a fraction.
A. 335/365
B. 334/365
C. 336/365
D. 30/365
A study of two types of weed killers was done on two identical weed plots. One weed killer killed 15% more weeds than the other. This difference was significant at the 0.05 level. What does this mean?
A. The improvement was due to the fact that there were more weeds in one study.
B. The probability that the difference was due to chance alone is greater than 0.05.
C. The probability that one weed killer performed better by chance alone is less than 0.05.
D. There is not enough information to make any conclusion.
In a poll, respondents were asked whether they had ever been in a car accident. 220 respondents indicated that they had been in a car accident and 370 respondents said that they had not been in a car accident. If one of these respondents is randomly selected, what is the probability of getting someone who has been in a car accident? Round to the nearest thousandth.
A. 0.384
B. 0.380
C. 0.373
D. 0.370
If you flip a coin three times, the possible outcomes are HHH, HHT, HTH,
HTT, THH, THT, TTH, TTT. What is the probability of getting at least one head?
A. 4/9
B. 5/6
C. 7/8
D. 5/8
Suppose you buy 1 ticket for $1 out of a lottery of 1000 tickets where the prize for the one winning ticket is to be $500. What is your expected value?
A. $0.00
B. −$0.40
C. −$1.00
D. −$0.50
A population proportion is to be estimated. Estimate the minimum sample size needed to achieve a margin of error E = 0.01with a 95% degree of confidence.
A. 7,000
B. 8,000
C. 9,000
D. 10,000
Suggest the cause of the correlation among the data.
The graph shows strength of coffee (y) and number of scoops used to make 10 cups of coffee (x). Identify the probable cause of the correlation.
A.
The variation in the x variable is a direct cause of the variation in
the y variable.
B. There is no correlation between the variables.
C. The correlation is due to a common underlying cause.
D. The correlation between the variables is coincidental.
In a poll of 400 voters in a certain state, 61% said that they opposed a voter ID bill that might hinder some legitimate voters from voting. The margin of error in the poll was reported as 4 percentage points (with a 95% degree of confidence). Which statement is correct?
A. The reported margin of error is consistent with the sample size.
B. There is not enough information to determine whether the margin of error is consistent with the sample size.
C. The sample size is too small to achieve the stated margin of error.
D. For the given sample size, the margin of error should be smaller than stated.
Select the best estimate of the correlation coefficient for the data depicted in the scatter diagram.
A. 0.60
B. -0.97
C. 0.10
D. -0.60
The scatter plot and best-fit line show the relation between the price per item (y) and the availability of that item (x) in arbitrary units. The correlation coefficient is -0.95. Determine the amount of variation in pricing explained by the variation in availability.
A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 95%
D. 90%
A researcher wishes to estimate the proportion of college students who cheat on exams. A poll of 490 college students showed that 33% of them had, or intended to, cheat on examinations. Find the margin of error for the 95% confidence interval.
A. 0.0432
B. 0.0434
C. 0.0425
D. 0.0427
Select the best fit line on the scatter diagram below.
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. All of the lines are equally good
Sample size = 400, sample mean = 44, sample standard deviation = 16. What is the margin of error?
A. 1.4
B. 1.6
C. 2.2
D. 2.6
Select the best estimate of the correlation coefficient for the data depicted in the scatter diagram.
A. -0.9
B. 0.9
C. 0.5
D. -0.5
Which line of the three shown in the scatter diagram below fits the data best?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. All the lines are equally good
Write possible coordinates for the single outlier such that it would no longer be an outlier.
A. (23, 18)
B. (20, 5)
C. (15, 15)
D. (12, 15)
A sample of 64 statistics students at a small college had a mean mathematics ACT score of 28 with a standard deviation of 4. Estimate the mean mathematics ACT score for all statistics students at this college. Give the 95% confidence interval.
A. 28.0 to 30.0
B. 25.0 to 27.0
C. 29.0 to 31.0
D. 27.0 to 29.0
Among a random sample of 150 employees of a particular company, the mean commute distance is 29.6 miles. This mean lies 1.2 standard deviations above the mean of the sampling distribution. If a second sample of 150 employees is selected, what is the probability that for the second sample, the mean commute distance will be less than 29.6 miles?
A. 0.8849
B. 0.5
C. 0.1131
D. 0.1151
The scatter plot and best-fit line show the relation among the number of cars waiting by a school (y) and the amount of time after the end of classes (x) in arbitrary units. The correlation coefficient is -0.55. Use the line of best fit to predict the number of cars at time 4 after the end of classes.
A. 7.0
B. 6.0
C. 8.0
D. 3.5
The scatter plot and best-fit line show the relation among the number of cars waiting by a school (y) and the amount of time after the end of classes (x) in arbitrary units. The correlation coefficient is -0.55. Determine the amount of variation in the number of cars not explained by the variation time after school.
A. 55%
B. 70%
C. 30%
D. 45%
Monthly incomes of employees at a particular company have a mean of $5954. The distribution of sample means for samples of size 70 is normal with a mean of $5954 and a standard deviation of $259. Suppose you take a sample of size 70 employees from the company and find that their mean monthly income is $5747. How many standard deviations is the sample mean from the mean of the sampling distribution?
A. 0.8 standard deviations above the mean
B. 0.8 standard deviations below the mean
C. 7.3 standard deviations below the mean
D. 207 standard deviations below the mean
A random sample of 30 households was selected from a particular neighborhood. The number of cars for each household is shown below. Estimate the mean number of cars per household for the population of households in this neighborhood. Give the 95% confidence interval.
A. 1.14 to 1.88
B. 1.12 to 1.88
C. 1.12 to 1.98
D. 1.14 to 1.98
Which point below would be an outlier if it were on the following graph?
A. (25, 20)
B. (5, 12)
C. (7, 5)
D. (5, 3)
A. The correlation is coincidental.
B. There is a common underlying cause of the correlation.
C. There is no correlation between the variables.
D. Walking is a direct cause of the fitness.
A die with 12 sides is rolled. What is the probability of rolling a number less than 11? Is this the same as rolling a total less than 11 with two six-sided dice? Explain.
A. 2/6
B. 3/6
C. 4/6
D. 5/6
Suppose you pay $1.00 to roll a fair die with the understanding that you will get back $3.00 for rolling a 5 or a 2, nothing otherwise. What is your expected value?
A. $1.00
B. $0.00
C. $3.00
D. −$1.00
Suppose you have an extremely unfair coin: the probability of a head is 1/5, and the probability of a tail is 4/5. If you toss the coin 40 times, how many heads do you expect to see?
A. 8
B. 6
C. 5
D. 4
A committee of three people is to be formed. The three people will be selected from a list of five possible committee members. A simple random sample of three people is taken, without replacement, from the group of five people. Using the letters A, B, C, D, E to represent the five people, list the possible samples of size three and use your list to determine the probability that B is included in the sample. (Hint: There are 10 possible samples.)
A. 0.6
B. 0.4
C. 0.7
D. 0.8
A class consists of 50 women and 82 men. If a student is randomly
selected, what is the probability that the student is a woman?
A. 32/132
B. 27/66
C. 50/132
D. 82/132
In the first series of rolls of a die, the number of odd numbers exceeded the number of even numbers by 5. In the second series of rolls of the same die, the number of odd numbers exceeded the number of even numbers by 11. Determine which series is closer to the 50/50 ratio of odd/even expected of a fairly rolled die.
A. The second series is closer because the difference between odd and even numbers is greater than the difference for the first series.
B. The first series is closer because the difference between odd and even numbers is less than the difference for the second series.
C. Since 1/2 > 1/5 > 1/11, the first series is closer.
D. The series closer to the theoretical 50/50 cannot be determined unless the total number of rolls for both series is given.
Based on meteorological records, the probability that it will snow in a certain town on January 1st is 0.413. Find the probability that in a given year it will not snow on January 1st in that town.
A. 0.345
B. 0.425
C. 0.587
D. 0.592
Suppose you have an extremely unfair die: The probability of a 6 is 3/8, and the probability of each other number is 1/8. If you toss the die 32 times, how many twos do you expect to see?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 3
D. 5
If you flip a coin three times, the possible outcomes are HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT, TTH, TTT. What is the probability of getting at least two tails?
A. 1/2
B. 2/3
C. 3/4
D. 4/9
A sample space consists of 46 separate events that are equally likely. What is the probability of each?
A. 1/24
B. 1/46
C. 1/32
D. 1/18
On a multiple choice test, each question has 6 possible answers. If you make a random guess on the first question, what is the probability that you are correct?
A. 1/5
B. 1/6
C. 1/4
D. ⅖
Jody checked the temperature 12 times on Monday, and the last digit of the temperature was odd six times more than it was even. On Tuesday, she checked it 18 times and the last digit was odd eight times more than it was even. Determine which series is closer to the 50/50 ratio of odd/even expected of such a series of temperature checks.
A. The Monday series is closer because 1/6 is closer to 1/2 than is 1/8.
B. The Monday series is closer because 6/12 is closer to 0.5 than is 8/18.
C. The Tuesday series is closer because the 13/18 is closer to 0.5 than is 9/12.
D. The series closest to the theoretical 50/50 cannot be determined without knowing the number of odds and evens in each series.
Of 1308 people who came into a blood bank to give blood, 314 people had high blood pressure. Estimate the probability that the next person who comes in to give blood will have high blood pressure (to 3 decimal places).
A. 0.250
B. 0.490
C. 0.240
D. 0.160
Joe dealt 20 cards from a standard 52-card deck, and the number of red cards exceeded the number of black cards by 8. He reshuffled the cards and dealt 30 cards. This time, the number of red cards exceeded the number of black cards by 10. Determine which deal is closer to the 50/50 ratio of red/black expected of fairly dealt hands from a fair deck and why.
A. The first series is closer because 1/10 is farther from 1/2 than is 1/8.
B. The series closer to the theoretical 50/50 cannot be determined unless the number of red and black cards for each deal is given.
C. The second series is closer because 20/30 is closer to 1/2 than is 14/20.
D. The first series is closer because the difference between red and black is smaller than the difference in the second series.
The distribution of B.A. degrees conferred by a local college is listed below, by major.
Major Frequency
English 2073
Mathematics 2164
Chemistry 318
Physics 856
Liberal Arts 1358
Business 1676
Engineering 868
9313
What is the probability that a randomly selected degree is not in Business?
A. 0.7800
B. 0.8200
C. 0.8300
D. 0.9200
If a person is randomly selected, find the probability that his or her birthday is not in May. Ignore leap years. There are 365 days in a year. Express your answer as a fraction.
A. 335/365
B. 334/365
C. 336/365
D. 30/365
A study of two types of weed killers was done on two identical weed plots. One weed killer killed 15% more weeds than the other. This difference was significant at the 0.05 level. What does this mean?
A. The improvement was due to the fact that there were more weeds in one study.
B. The probability that the difference was due to chance alone is greater than 0.05.
C. The probability that one weed killer performed better by chance alone is less than 0.05.
D. There is not enough information to make any conclusion.
In a poll, respondents were asked whether they had ever been in a car accident. 220 respondents indicated that they had been in a car accident and 370 respondents said that they had not been in a car accident. If one of these respondents is randomly selected, what is the probability of getting someone who has been in a car accident? Round to the nearest thousandth.
A. 0.384
B. 0.380
C. 0.373
D. 0.370
If you flip a coin three times, the possible outcomes are HHH, HHT, HTH,
HTT, THH, THT, TTH, TTT. What is the probability of getting at least one head?
A. 4/9
B. 5/6
C. 7/8
D. 5/8
Suppose you buy 1 ticket for $1 out of a lottery of 1000 tickets where the prize for the one winning ticket is to be $500. What is your expected value?
A. $0.00
B. −$0.40
C. −$1.00
D. −$0.50
A population proportion is to be estimated. Estimate the minimum sample size needed to achieve a margin of error E = 0.01with a 95% degree of confidence.
A. 7,000
B. 8,000
C. 9,000
D. 10,000
Suggest the cause of the correlation among the data.
The graph shows strength of coffee (y) and number of scoops used to make 10 cups of coffee (x). Identify the probable cause of the correlation.
A.
The variation in the x variable is a direct cause of the variation in
the y variable.
B. There is no correlation between the variables.
C. The correlation is due to a common underlying cause.
D. The correlation between the variables is coincidental.
In a poll of 400 voters in a certain state, 61% said that they opposed a voter ID bill that might hinder some legitimate voters from voting. The margin of error in the poll was reported as 4 percentage points (with a 95% degree of confidence). Which statement is correct?
A. The reported margin of error is consistent with the sample size.
B. There is not enough information to determine whether the margin of error is consistent with the sample size.
C. The sample size is too small to achieve the stated margin of error.
D. For the given sample size, the margin of error should be smaller than stated.
Select the best estimate of the correlation coefficient for the data depicted in the scatter diagram.
A. 0.60
B. -0.97
C. 0.10
D. -0.60
The scatter plot and best-fit line show the relation between the price per item (y) and the availability of that item (x) in arbitrary units. The correlation coefficient is -0.95. Determine the amount of variation in pricing explained by the variation in availability.
A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 95%
D. 90%
A researcher wishes to estimate the proportion of college students who cheat on exams. A poll of 490 college students showed that 33% of them had, or intended to, cheat on examinations. Find the margin of error for the 95% confidence interval.
A. 0.0432
B. 0.0434
C. 0.0425
D. 0.0427
Select the best fit line on the scatter diagram below.
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. All of the lines are equally good
Sample size = 400, sample mean = 44, sample standard deviation = 16. What is the margin of error?
A. 1.4
B. 1.6
C. 2.2
D. 2.6
Select the best estimate of the correlation coefficient for the data depicted in the scatter diagram.
A. -0.9
B. 0.9
C. 0.5
D. -0.5
Which line of the three shown in the scatter diagram below fits the data best?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. All the lines are equally good
Write possible coordinates for the single outlier such that it would no longer be an outlier.
A. (23, 18)
B. (20, 5)
C. (15, 15)
D. (12, 15)
A sample of 64 statistics students at a small college had a mean mathematics ACT score of 28 with a standard deviation of 4. Estimate the mean mathematics ACT score for all statistics students at this college. Give the 95% confidence interval.
A. 28.0 to 30.0
B. 25.0 to 27.0
C. 29.0 to 31.0
D. 27.0 to 29.0
Among a random sample of 150 employees of a particular company, the mean commute distance is 29.6 miles. This mean lies 1.2 standard deviations above the mean of the sampling distribution. If a second sample of 150 employees is selected, what is the probability that for the second sample, the mean commute distance will be less than 29.6 miles?
A. 0.8849
B. 0.5
C. 0.1131
D. 0.1151
The scatter plot and best-fit line show the relation among the number of cars waiting by a school (y) and the amount of time after the end of classes (x) in arbitrary units. The correlation coefficient is -0.55. Use the line of best fit to predict the number of cars at time 4 after the end of classes.
A. 7.0
B. 6.0
C. 8.0
D. 3.5
The scatter plot and best-fit line show the relation among the number of cars waiting by a school (y) and the amount of time after the end of classes (x) in arbitrary units. The correlation coefficient is -0.55. Determine the amount of variation in the number of cars not explained by the variation time after school.
A. 55%
B. 70%
C. 30%
D. 45%
Monthly incomes of employees at a particular company have a mean of $5954. The distribution of sample means for samples of size 70 is normal with a mean of $5954 and a standard deviation of $259. Suppose you take a sample of size 70 employees from the company and find that their mean monthly income is $5747. How many standard deviations is the sample mean from the mean of the sampling distribution?
A. 0.8 standard deviations above the mean
B. 0.8 standard deviations below the mean
C. 7.3 standard deviations below the mean
D. 207 standard deviations below the mean
A random sample of 30 households was selected from a particular neighborhood. The number of cars for each household is shown below. Estimate the mean number of cars per household for the population of households in this neighborhood. Give the 95% confidence interval.
A. 1.14 to 1.88
B. 1.12 to 1.88
C. 1.12 to 1.98
D. 1.14 to 1.98
Which point below would be an outlier if it were on the following graph?
A. (25, 20)
B. (5, 12)
C. (7, 5)
D. (5, 3)
